Spoofing, session hijacking, DoS attacks, firewall and IDS attacks are all considered what type of information security threat?

The correct classification for spoofing, session hijacking, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, and attacks on firewalls and intrusion detection systems (IDS) is that they are all network threats.

This categorization is appropriate because these types of threats primarily target the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of networked systems and the data transmitted across networks. Spoofing involves impersonating another entity to manipulate or deceive communication over a network, while session hijacking specifically refers to exploiting a valid computer session to gain unauthorized access. DoS attacks aim to disrupt service availability by overwhelming network resources, and attacks on firewalls and IDS are designed to bypass security mechanisms meant to protect networked environments.

In contrast, host threats generally involve issues related to individual devices, such as malware or physical theft of hardware. System threats may encompass issues affecting an entire system's operational integrity or performance, but they do not specifically target the network domain. Application threats pertain to vulnerabilities and attacks directed specifically at software applications, making them less relevant for the scenarios listed. Thus, identifying these threats as network threats is critical for building appropriate defenses and response strategies in cybersecurity.